a person in the record
Ivan Borgman
Russian physicist who first demonstrated in 1897 that X-rays and radioactive materials induced thermoluminescence1849 to 1914
Wikidata names Fedor Petrushevsky and Gustav Kirchhoff as doctoral advisors. Linked to Wikidata, Mathematics Genealogy Project, and 5 other registers.

How to read the markscited by a repository's recordstated by Wikidata or indexed by OpenAlexclaimed on an ORCID list, or inferred
Advisors on Wikidata2
From Wikidata, shown separately from the thesis records.
- stated by Wikidata
- stated by Wikidata
Taught5
Wikidata's "student of" and "student" statements: a line of training beside the lineage, never a thesis supervision and never counted with one.
- a teacher or mentor, stated by Wikidata: not a thesis supervisionborn 1866
- a teacher or mentor, stated by Wikidata: not a thesis supervisionborn 1869
- a teacher or mentor, stated by Wikidata: not a thesis supervisionborn 1871
- a teacher or mentor, stated by Wikidata: not a thesis supervisionborn 1875
- a teacher or mentor, stated by Wikidata: not a thesis supervisionborn 1888
The line above and below4 steps
The advisors of their advisors, four steps up at most, in the thesis records and on Wikidata, each kind marked; a person in both is listed once.
- 1 step up
stated by WikidataFedor Petrushevskystated by WikidataGustav Kirchhoff
- 2 steps up
stated by WikidataEmil Lenzstated by WikidataFranz Ernst Neumannstated by WikidataFriedrich Julius Richelot
- 3 steps up
stated by WikidataCarl Gustav Jacob Jacobistated by WikidataChristian Samuel Weiss
- 4 steps up
stated by WikidataAbraham Gottlob Wernerstated by WikidataEnno Dirksenstated by WikidataRené Just Haüy
Education and career4
From Wikidata, shown separately from the thesis records. Each place opens its Wikidata item.
- 1893 to 1914
- from 1905
- undated
- undated