a person in the record
Gerard Kuiper
Netherlands-born American astronomer1905 to 1973
Wikidata names Ejnar Hertzsprung as doctoral advisor and lists 3 doctoral students. Linked to Wikidata, Mathematics Genealogy Project, and 5 other registers.

How to read the markscited by a repository's recordstated by Wikidata or indexed by OpenAlexclaimed on an ORCID list, or inferred
Advisors on Wikidata1
From Wikidata, shown separately from the thesis records.
- stated by Wikidata
Students on Wikidata3
From Wikidata, shown separately from the thesis records.
- stated by Wikidataborn 1925
- stated by Wikidataborn 1934
- stated by Wikidataborn 1936
The line above and below4 steps
The advisors of their advisors, four steps up at most, in the thesis records and on Wikidata, each kind marked; a person in both is listed once.
- 1 step up
stated by WikidataEjnar Hertzsprung
- 2 steps up
stated by WikidataHans E. Laustated by WikidataKarl Schwarzschildstated by WikidataWilhelm Ostwald
- 3 steps up
stated by WikidataArthur von Oettingenstated by WikidataCarl Schmidtstated by WikidataHugo von Seeligerstated by WikidataThorvald N. Thiele
- 4 steps up
stated by WikidataFriedrich Wöhlerstated by WikidataHeinrich Louis d'Arreststated by WikidataJulius Vogelstated by WikidataJustus von Liebigstated by WikidataKarl Christian Bruhnsstated by WikidataLudwig Friedrich Kämtzstated by WikidataRudolf Wagner
Below them, within 3 steps, the record reaches 10 people: 10 stated by Wikidata.
Education and career6
From Wikidata, shown separately from the thesis records. Each place opens its Wikidata item.
- 1924 to 1927studied
- 1927 to 1933studied
- 1933 to 1935worked
- 1935 to 1936
- 1936 to 1960worked
- 1960 to 1973